Good governance: Short Notes for written Exam

Good governance refers to the systems and frameworks that direct the political, economic, and administrative authority in managing a nation’s resources and affairs. It embodies key principles such as transparency, accountability, the rule of law, participation, equity, efficiency, and responsiveness to the needs of the public.
The term ‘governance’ originates from the Latin word gubernare, which means “to steer” or “to direct.” This term later evolved into the Old French word governance, which signifies the act of governing. Classical philosophers, including Plato and Aristotle, extensively discussed the concept of governance, focusing on the importance of justice, fairness, and the responsibility of leaders to serve the common good.
The phrase “good governance” emerged as a significant concept in the late 20th century. It gained traction through the efforts of the World Bank and the United Nations during the 1980s and 1990s, as they emphasized its critical role in fostering economic growth and sustainable development.
Today, good governance serves as a universal standard for assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of governments and organizations. International institutions like the United Nations, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund often link financial aid to the adoption of good governance practices in recipient countries.
Good governance is essential for creating a fair and just society where resources are managed effectively, corruption is minimized, and the rule of law prevails, ensuring the well-being of all citizens.